Why an examination comes first
Deep decay, a crack, an injury or previous dental treatment can affect the pulp inside a tooth. Lingering sensitivity, pain when biting or swelling can be reasons to arrange an assessment, but symptoms alone cannot tell you whether you need a root canal.
Your dentist evaluates the tooth, its supporting tissues and any needed imaging. Ask whether the tooth can be predictably restored, what other options exist and what could happen if treatment is delayed.
What happens during treatment
The dentist uses local anesthesia and creates an opening to reach the canals inside the tooth. Inflamed or infected tissue is removed, the canals are cleaned and shaped, and filling material is placed to seal the space.
Treatment may take more than one visit. Tell the team if you feel discomfort and ask how to signal for a pause. Discuss your health history and any concerns about anesthesia before treatment begins.
The restoration and follow-up are part of the plan
A filling or crown protects the treated tooth. The type and timing depend on how much sound tooth structure remains and where the tooth is in your mouth. Avoid assuming the tooth is ready for normal chewing until your dentist says so.
Follow the aftercare instructions and arrange any remaining restorative visit. Call about worsening pain, swelling, a lost temporary restoration or an uneven bite. A treated tooth still needs daily cleaning and regular dental evaluation; treatment does not make it immune to future problems.
Further reading
American Association of Endodontists: Root canal treatment ↗
General education, not a diagnosis or an individual treatment recommendation. Ask your dental professional about your own care.